Legal relations in the extraction, processing of uranium ores and the use of their processing products as raw materials for the production of nuclear material are regulated by the Law of Ukraine No. 645/97 of November 19, 1997.
The main objectives of this Law are the issues of:
-state regulation of safety in connection with the impact of ionizing radiation;
-state control;
-social protection of workers at uranium facilities;
-duties and responsibilities of enterprises, institutions, organizations, as well as workers at uranium facilities.
Uranium ores extracted from the subsoil and products of their processing are the property of mining and processing entities of all forms of ownership, unless otherwise established by a state order and international treaties of Ukraine.
Uranium ores and products of their processing are purchased under state order at contractual prices that ensure a level of profitability not lower than the minimum.
Property complexes of uranium facilities can be in different forms of ownership.
The activities of enterprises engaged in the extraction, processing, and transportation of uranium ores and their processing products are carried out on the basis of licenses.
Special permits for the experimental and industrial development of uranium deposits and the extraction of uranium ores are granted in agreement with the central executive body implementing state policy in the field of health care.
Special permits for the experimental and industrial development of uranium deposits and the extraction of uranium ores must contain requirements for ensuring the protection of personnel, the population, and the environment, taking into account the impact of radon and its daughter products, as well as preventing radioactive contamination of the environment.
Special permits for the construction of new uranium ore processing facilities and the reconstruction of existing facilities are granted only after receiving a positive conclusion on the environmental impact assessment of the work project.
Export and import of uranium ores and their concentrates is carried out only by legal entities under special permits, which are granted in accordance with the procedure established by the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine.
A special permit for the export of uranium ores or their concentrates to non-nuclear weapon states may be granted only if there are official commitments from the authorized state body of the importing state that the materials obtained, as well as nuclear materials produced on their base:
-will not be used for the production of nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive devices;
-will be provided with physical protection;
-will be re-exported or transferred from the jurisdiction of the importing country to any other country.
A special permit for the export (import) of uranium ores or their concentrates may be granted on a one-time basis (per batch of goods) or for the export to one country (import from one country) of a certain quantity of goods for a certain period for a term of no more than three years.
Extracted uranium ores and their processing products (uranium concentrate, off-balance ore dumps, tailings ponds) are subject to state accounting.
Enterprises for the extraction and processing of uranium ores and users of their products are required to keep records of uranium ores and their processing products and submit reports on this.
The design of a uranium facility must include:
-an economic justification for the feasibility of implementing this project;
-measures to reduce radon emissions;
-measures for the safe storage and processing of radioactive waste.
Uranium ores can be transported in unpackaged form.
Costs associated with the cessation of uranium facilities, which include funds for decontamination, land reclamation, tailings storage facilities, and control in the sanitary protection zone and surveillance zone, are included in production costs.
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